Boxelder Bug
Physical Features
Gray brown to black bodies with orange to red margins on base of wings. Three red-orange stripes on the prothorax. They are a ½ inch in length and have wings that overlap forming an X. Nymphs are 1/16 of an inch and bright red when they hatch.
Life Cycle
Gradual Metamorphosis
After overwintering, the females and males will feed for about two weeks prior to mating. The female will then lay eggs in cracks and crevices in the tree bark. The nymphs that hatch are bright red and will complete 5 molts (instars) prior to reaching the adult stage which takes about 60 days. The adults will have fully developed wing pads and wings. Two generations will occur from spring to fall.
Habits
- Diet: Sap from female boxelder trees, see, foliage and twigs. Will also feed on maple, pear and ash trees.
- Activity: Will live in clusters and migrate in large groups that often overwhelm homeowners.
- Preferred Climate: Warmer temperatures from spring to early fall.
- Defense: Dark markings on wings
- Cautions: Some species may stain interior of home with excrement
- Home Invasion: Will enter homes in fall for shelter for overwintering. Travel in large clusters many times.
Helpful Hints for Control
- Seal entry points allowing access into interior of home.
- Removal of food source including boxelder trees from yard.
- Pesticide application to south side of home or fence lines where bugs rest in the fall for warmth.
Interesting Fact
Boxelders will fly as far as 2 miles from their original harborage point.
